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ADHD in Adults Treatment ADHD is associated with significant impairments of academic performance and social functioning. Adults who suffer from ADHD have a higher risk of depression, anxiety disorders as well as substance abuse and addiction disorders. The medications that help improve ADHD symptoms by increasing neurotransmitters responsible for controlling attention and impulsivity seem to work. Medication trials are conducted to determine which medications are most effective and in what dosages. Medication The use of acute treatments, such as medication, can aid in reducing ADHD symptoms in adults. The most effective medications improve the underlying ADHD symptoms by affecting neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine. They function by increasing the availability of these neurotransmitters at the presynaptic transporters, and reducing their reuptake to prevent their breakdown. Since doctors cannot know which medication will be most effective for a specific patient, they usually conduct a medication trial. The low dose is gradually increased over 3-7 days, until the clinical benefits have been achieved. A popular type of psychostimulant used to treat ADHD is methylphenidate. It is available in tablet liquid, extended-release or liquid forms (Concerta). The extended release formulation is the most dependable because it can't be crushed and used for different reasons, like to gain a high. Adults who use stimulant drugs are susceptible to serious health issues. Anyone with a history alcohol or drug abuse should speak with a mental health professional about the use of psychostimulants. Stimulants can cause mood changes and sleep disturbances. If these symptoms occur it is possible that the patient needs a change in medication or stop taking it. Stimulants may also be contraindicated for those with a history of Tourette’s disorder severe aorexia, mental disorders such as schizoaffective disorder and antisocial personality disorders or for certain medical conditions, like high blood pressure or heart disease. Mood stabilizers, such as bupropion (Wellbutrin XL), can improve mood and reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity among adults suffering from ADHD. They work by blocking norepinephrine reuptake at the presynaptic transporter which allows for a greater amount of the substance to enter the brain. They can be used in conjunction with other ADHD medication or on their own. Adults suffering from ADHD often have comorbid conditions, such as anxiety or depression. These can be treated with psychotherapy and/or non-medication treatments, like cognitive-behavioral therapy. This treatment teaches patients to manage their symptoms and improve their functioning, self-esteem and relationships. Some therapists are trained to treat adult ADHD. Counseling Counseling, a type of psychotherapy, is a key part of treatment for adhd in adults. Talk therapy can help you deal with your emotions, improve your relationships and help you manage stress and anger. It can also teach you methods to increase your self-control and reduce your impulsive behavior. Counseling can be done in person or over the phone. Counseling can include cognitive behavioral therapy. This helps you learn to recognize and alter negative attitudes and behaviors that cause ADHD symptoms. It can also involve family or marital therapy which can help your loved children cope with their emotions and discover ways to help your success. Lifestyle coaching may be a part of the program that teaches you how to manage ADHD. Adults with ADHD have trouble getting up in the morning or navigating through the day. A therapist may suggest a sleep routine that includes a regular bedtime and a time for waking up every day. It is essential to get enough sleep so that your body functions optimally. Many people with ADHD struggle with getting their tasks completed and staying on their course at work, school and in their private lives. Their problems are often caused by long-standing patterns of failure and underachievement academic challenges or job changes, as well as relationships that are not working. Individual talk therapy can help deal with emotional baggage like low self esteem, feelings of shame and embarrassment resulting from past mistakes and resentment at criticism, and nagging from those closest. Behavioral coaching is a form of therapy for adults with ADHD that is focused on practical daily life solutions, such as organizing your workplace and home and arranging your day, prioritizing your tasks and managing your money. This therapy is typically available in person or via the internet and aims to teach you strategies for improving your life as a person with ADHD. Adults with ADHD have a higher likelihood of developing comorbid disorders. It's important to treat these conditions as well. In some cases it is possible to combine treatments and medications can result in the best results. A therapist can teach you how to control your anxiety and mood with mindfulness-based techniques, such as yoga and meditation, and address comorbid conditions such as depression and substance abuse. Therapy Many psychiatric conditions can mimic ADHD symptoms. Therefore, treating adults with adhd is necessary to determine the root of these symptoms. This evaluation can include a review of the person's medical history, psychological tests and a detailed analysis of their behavior. The evaluation may also include an analysis of a person's familial history. Psychotherapy is a key part of adhd treatment for adults. It can assist people in dealing with the emotional stress caused by their inability to function in a way that is consistent with their expectations. It can also help them develop coping strategies and improve their relationships with family members. Behavioral therapy can help patients focus on their work and break down large projects into smaller steps that are easier to manage. It can also help them learn to control impulsive behaviors and gain confidence in their ability to achieve success. Counseling for families and marriage helps couples to understand the challenges ADHD can bring to their relationship. They can also learn to constructively discuss issues that arise within their families or marriages, instead of blaming one another. Individual psychotherapy can help individuals explore the root causes of their issues, which could include feelings of sadness or guilt. It can also assist individuals develop healthy coping mechanisms like exercise or meditation. Certain adults suffering from ADHD can be treated with a calming drug, such as Clonidine. This is a 2 adrenergic agonist. It can be particularly helpful for those who suffer from a comorbidity of Tourette's syndrome or other tic disorders. It is typically regarded as a second-line treatment after non-stimulant medications have been tried and were found to be ineffective (Wilens 2004). Clinical trials are research studies that investigate the safety and effectiveness of new treatments and diseases. They can be a vital component of adhd treatment and offer a chance to participate in advanced research in the hope that it will lead to better care in the future. Patients should always speak with their health care provider before participating in a clinical trial. The health care professional can provide the current list of clinical trials available to the patient. Nutrition Adults with ADHD may find that their diet has a significant impact on how they feel and function. A balanced, healthy diet can decrease the amount of impulsivity and improve concentration. It is also recommended to stay clear of beverages that contain sugar or junk food as they can trigger or exacerbate symptoms of ADHD. Adults suffering from ADHD should consume regular meals, snacks and drinks to keep their blood sugar levels constant throughout the day. This can help improve their mood, energy levels and sleep quality at night. Many psychiatric disorders may have symptoms similar to those of ADHD This is why it is important for adults with these disorders to be assessed carefully to determine if their symptoms are due to an underlying condition. Additionally, many medical problems can also cause symptoms similar to ADHD, such as thyroid disorders, lead poisoning, hearing and vision problems depression and anxiety, an history of drug or alcohol abuse, and certain medications. The diagnosis of ADHD in adults can be more difficult than in children. A diagnosis is based on a history of childhood symptoms similar to ADHD, as well as an assessment of functional impairment. Many adults don't have a clear childhood ADHD history, or might not have a parent or older sibling who can confirm their symptoms. If a person is actively abusing alcohol or drugs or other substances, they might not be the best candidate for psychostimulants. The doctor should consider this when deciding whether or not to prescribe them. There are several FDA approved drugs that can treat adults with ADHD. These include stimulants and nonstimulant medication. They can be effective in reducing symptoms of ADHD however, they must be used responsibly and those with ADHD should be monitored frequently for side effects. These medications are available in long-acting formulations that can be taken twice or even once daily by adults suffering from ADHD. These preparations are available in liquid, tablet or chewable form and can be taken with or without food.